[HETENC Green hydrogen generation and application fields] (image via US DOE)
As a non-metallic element, it is the lightest element present on the earth. It is a colorless, tasteless, and odorless gas, and hydrogen is an element that is regarded as an important non-polluting energy source to replace coal and petroleum because it does not emit pollutants even if it is burned. Periodic Table of the Elements As the symbol of the element 1, there is one quantum in the nucleus and no neutrons. It exists as a hydrogen molecule (H2) in which two atoms are bonded and is composed of organic compounds such as water, propane, methanol, and natural gas. Hydrogen is the most common substance in the universe, and it is 14 times lighter than air, so it disperses quickly in the atmosphere and has little possibility of exploding, and its autoignition point is 575 degrees, higher than gasoline (500 degrees). There are many ways to produce hydrogen, specifically expressing what was mentioned above, and there are many ways to use the produced hydrogen.
The energy of dreams made with pure water, pure hydrogen
① Green hydrogen : This is the method of electrolyzing (water electrolysis) water (H2O). It is eco-friendly hydrogen that does not emit carbon in the production process. It is eco-friendly hydrogen that does not emit carbon at all.
② Blue hydrogen : Hydrogen made incidentally in the process of making petrochemical processes or steel
③ Grey hydrogen : It is produced from something like oil by extracting it from fossil fuels. Therefore, gray hydrogen is not considered an eco-friendly energy. Currently, gray hydrogen is about 90% of the total consumption.
That’s it. Method of decomposing natural gas at high temperature and high pressure (reformed hydrogen) In this water electrolysis technology, the most ideal and efficient way to create green hydrogen is to use the surplus power of renewable energy (solar power, wind power) to receive electrolysis (electrolysis). If hydrogen is produced and stored through ), the fuel cell can be used to obtain electricity again regardless of time and place, and hydrogen can have the meaning of sending electricity if it is delivered to another place through logistics. Hydrogen is not just a fuel cell that generates electricity, but hydrogen is effective in storing large-capacity power. Since renewable energy is a big energy source in the future, hydrogen storage can be seen as the meaning of electricity storage.
Hydrogen related product development
1)Hydrogen fuel cell power generation (household water electrolysis) hydrogen amplification system
2)Air conditioner without outdoor unit by PCM heat storage method
3)Aerospace (drone)
4)Construction field (zero energy building)
5)Container-Based Hydrogen Power Plant
After the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, the nuclear power plant entered the domestic fuel cell market in earnest. Japan, which started commercializing hydrogen fuel cells for eco-friendly households in 2009, is leading the development of hydrogen energy by increasing the number of domestic fuel cells supplied by 100 times compared to 2009.
What is a home fuel cell?
Japan, which began research on the commercialization of domestic fuel cells in the late 1990s, began selling domestic fuel cells to general consumers in May 2009. In Japan, household fuel cells are called Ene-Farm. This is a new term that combines energy + farm, and electricity is generated and additionally generated after a chemical reaction with hydrogen extracted from city gas or LP gas and oxygen in the air. It is a method of using as a boiler as a heat source. (According to the “2020 Energy White Paper” by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan, Enerpharm, which had 3,000 units nationwide in 2009, distributed about 336,000 units in December 2019.
Hydrogen energy fusion conversion device (small generator)
The hydrogen energy fusion converter is a device that increases the energy efficiency of 3.5 times (1KW) compared to the input energy through the primary conversion device of hydrogen and fuel cells and the secondary conversion device by new technology using 300W of electric energy. .
[There is no external device line, so there is no separate construction / Daily electricity consumption = Refrigerator power level]
Development of commercial drone using hydrogen fuel cell-former Soviet Union technology alliance
It has the longest running record of 2.5 hours as a self-test in 2015 Currently, it is being developed and upgraded to urban aeronautical mobility, such as for agriculture and cargo transportation, for lifesaving, for forest fire monitoring, etc.
From the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 to the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, which was concluded last year, the issue of global warming due to greenhouse gas emissions is spreading all over the world, and policies to minimize fossil fuels and switch to renewable energy have become an inevitable trend. . Accordingly, Korea is also actively pursuing measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and expand the renewable energy market. In particular, as one of the new energy industries, the Zero Energy Building project was promoted to construct zero energy buildings for new buildings from 2025. Plan to make it mandatory.
There are two ways to realize such a zero-energy building, which can be said to be an “energy self-reliant building”: the passive method and the active method. First, in the case of the passive construction method, it is a construction method that significantly reduces heating energy while having excellent cost-effectiveness among the construction methods known so far.It uses a high-performance insulation material three times higher than that of general buildings to prevent heat from escaping, thus reducing heating energy by 80% compared to general buildings. It has a feature of saving. The active construction method refers to self-producing and supplying new and renewable energy by utilizing mechanical devices such as wind power, hydrogen energy, solar power, and geothermal heat in a building.
The passive method and the active method are applied together, but even if the areas of the two methods are different, the active method will be adopted as the main energy source based on the application of the passive method to realize the most efficient and economical zero-energy building. In addition, as an additional element necessary to realize a zero-energy building, there is the Building Energy Management System (BEMS), a system that monitors the energy consumption of the building in real time and optimizes the collected energy use level to manage the most efficiently. However, BEMS is said to have the greatest effect when applying the active method as its main energy support because there is a limit to saving energy with its own system. In the case of Korea, it is planning to expand the market through activation of zero-energy buildings by step-by-step mandatory by 2025.
In particular, when a zero-energy building is commercialized, it is possible to reduce annual energy costs by up to 80%, and it is possible to develop new markets through overseas expansion through the development of new technologies in the construction field. In addition, if 70% of new buildings become zero-energy buildings in 2030, we can expect to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and create 100,000 jobs per year.
Zero-energy building certification system (transformed into an energy-efficient first-class building)
Green buildings that minimize the energy load required for buildings and use new and renewable energy to minimize energy consumption, ranging from grade 1 to grade 5 according to the energy independence rate (if the total energy reduction rate is 40% or more, the first grade, 30% or more) Less than 40% is a 2nd grade, 20% or more and less than 30% is a 3rd grade, 10% or more and less than 20% is a 4th grade, and 0% or more and less than 10% is a 5th grade). Since the late 1980s, Europe and the United States have created a passive house certification system as part of their energy conservation policy, and through this, energy savings of 85% to 90% compared to general buildings have been induced, and energy certificates have been submitted to all new construction and renovations since 2012 The regulations have been changed and the law has been refining since 2015. As this certification system became popular, it started in Europe, and the UK is targeting all residential sectors from 2016 to 2020, all federal buildings by 2030, and commercial buildings by 2050 as zero-energy buildings.
Zero Energy Building Incentive Chart
Green building incentives include acquisition tax, property tax, and building standard benefits based on building energy efficiency level, green building certification, and zero energy building certification. In addition, projects that support interest on loans according to the rate of performance improvement through green remodeling and projects that support construction costs for public buildings are being carried out. In terms of real estate value, the value of green architecture is reflected in the “practices for appraisal of appraisals”. In December 2016, it was revised so that the appraisal of the real estate valuation guideline, the appraisal practice standard, was revised to allow appraisal including the increase in the value of eco-friendly facilities and energy efficiency facilities such as facilities for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and facilities using new and renewable energy. In addition, the new building unit price table is also revised so that more expensive unit prices can be applied in the case of green buildings. Green building certification buildings can add up to 8.45% of total construction cost according to their grade and use. In addition to this, it supports to act as a psychological value critic in the market by including contents related to green buildings in real estate information. Green certification and energy performance indicators, etc., are required to be recorded in the building register along with the expiration date, and are open to the real estate portal so that anyone can read. In addition, apartment houses with more than 300 households and business facilities with a total floor area of 3,000 ㎡ or more must disclose the energy evaluation form.
Energy solution through passb method + active method
(Total energy consumption and energy production match)
